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| Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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| Dharmapala, Dhammika; Hoffmann, Sandra A.; Schwartz, Warren. |
| The standard economic model of bilateral precaution concludes that (in the absence of uncertainty, misperception, or error) all negligence-based liability rules induce socially optimal behavior by both injurers and victims. This paper generalizes the standard model to consider situations in which one party's precaution affects not only expected accident loss, but also directly affects the other party's effort or cost of taking precaution. If the injurer's care affects the victim's precaution costs (but not vice versa), most of the standard results continue to hold (except for strict liability with a defense of contributory negligence). If the victims precaution affects the injurers costs of care (but not vice versa), only strict liability with a defense of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Law and economics; Tort laws; Risk and Uncertainty; K13; K00. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10626 |
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| Coble, Keith H.; Hanson, Terrill R.; Miller, J. Corey; Shaik, Saleem. |
| This paper examines the possibility that insurance for row crops, livestock, and aquaculture can be used effectively to encourage producers to adopt practices that will improve environmental behavior. Examples of agricultural environmental insurance are provided and considered in the context of alternative policy mechanisms. The current state of agricultural insurance and the nonagricultural environmental insurance market are explored. We also lay out the characteristics of an insurable risk along with the theoretical basis of insurance provision. An empirical example of an environmental insurance design is provided, and the behavioral implications of such a design are examined. Finally, we discuss important considerations that should be evaluated... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environment; Insurance; Liability; D81; G22; H23; K13; Q18. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43214 |
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| Boyd, James. |
| The study explores challenges associated with, and the feasibility of, financial assurance requirements for liabilities arising under U.S. environmental statutes, with a particular emphasis on liabilities associated with natural resource damages (NRDs). The overlap between federal NRD liability and financial assurance arises in the context of two financial assurance rules: one for waterborne vessels that carry oil or hazardous substances, and one for offshore facilities used for oil exploration, drilling, production, or transport. The report addresses the rules' history, their role as a complement to other forms of environmental regulation, and their impact on the regulated community and providers of coverage. Despite numerous difficulties and over... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Financial assurance; Financial responsibility; Natural resource damages; Liability; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; K13; K32; Q38. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10673 |
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| Boyd, James. |
| Financal assurance rules, also known as financial responsibility or bonding requirements, foster cost internalization by requiring potential polluters to demonstrate the financial resources necessary to compensate for environmental damage that may arise in the future. Accordingly, assurance is an important complement to liability rules, restoration obligations, and other regulatory compliance requirements. The paper reviews the need for assurance, given the prevalence of abandoned environmental obligations, and assesses the implementation of assurance rules in the United States. From the standpoint of both legal effectiveness and economic efficiency, assurance rules can be improved. On the whole, however, cost recovery, deterrence, and enforcement are... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Financial assurance; Financial responsibility; Bonding; Environmental insurance; Environmental Economics and Policy; K13; Q38; K32. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10809 |
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| Boyd, James; Kunreuther, Howard. |
| The optimal design of environmental liability policy focuses on two primary policy issues: the cleanup of existing sources of pollution and the definition and enforcement of policies to promote prospectively efficient environmental risk reduction. Through the analysis of a policy toward a pervasive environmental risk -- leaking underground storage tanks - we analyze the effectiveness of an existing policy governing retroactive and prospective liability issues and suggest ways in which that policy can be improved. While we find some theoretical support for the public financing of UST cleanups, we also find the current system to be flawed in its implementation. In general, the paper argues that public financing of past pollution cleanup costs can lead to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Liability; Underground storage tanks; Risk and Uncertainty; K13; Q28. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10768 |
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| Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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